High Temperature Battery Cells

The temperature has a direct impact on how a battery performs, which also has an impact on its capacity or battery life. According to experts, as the temperature drops, the capacity of the battery decreases. On the other hand, when the temperature rises, so does the size of the battery. When the temperature rises above the functioning range of the cell, it can cause corrosion within the battery, whereas excessive cold reduces the plates’ ability to retain a charge.

With the advent of the newer Lithium technologies, enthusiasm for these high-temperature batteries is beginning to wane. High-temperature technology is also used in Thermal Batteries. These batteries use an electrolyte that is solid and inactive at normal ambient temperatures.

High-Temperature Battery has six grades: 100℃ 125℃ 150℃ 175℃ 200℃ and above 5 grade. At present, electrochemical systems of massively used high-temperature batteries are Li/SOCL2 and Li/SO2CL2. These systems have the highest energy density, widest application temperature, longest storage time, and highest work voltage.

100℃ application: battery doesn’t need a special design and a proper improvement enables batteries to work at this temperature.

125℃ application: proper adjustment and control can produce qualified battery.

Between 150 and 175℃, the battery requires a special design.

Above 180 and 200℃, since lithium melting point is 180.5℃. At this time, lithium is not suitable for cathode material, which requires lithium alloy as cathode material. Because the requirement is not very strict, it needs safety protection measures that occurs high input and this project has not started.

High temperature principle: from worldwide samples we got, most batteries belong to the 150℃ grade. Take Lithium-ion Batteries for petroleum pump for example the key is to meet high temperatures under pump requirements, ensuring battery performance safety and reliable. In order to reach it, some factors should be considered as below,

a. battery material thermodynamics characteristic;

b. battery case mechanics characteristic;

c. high temperature safety design (anti-short circuit, anti-reverse, anti-charge, anti-heat, anti-vibration etc.);

d. high temperature electrical property design (anode and cathode activate material ratio, electrode thickness, additive etc.).